![]() Even if you reuse the same object over and over in a drawing, the CAD system keeps track of it with a unique identifier. In fact, for those of you familiar with today's common computer aided drafting packages, you may realize that a CAD drawing is really a database of objects assembled in a structured manner. While P&IDs are representations of the process to the casual observer, their underlying structure more closely resembles a relational database. As I have mentioned previously, D002 is an example lead sheet typical of the ones I have ![]() In this Part 4, we will turn our attention to the remaining lead sheet, D002 - Codes, Tags, and Labels. Up till now, we have spent a great deal of our time focusing on the first lead sheet, D001 - Instrumentation and Valves, provided along with other drawings in the supporting file download to this series. Since we were on a roll, we closed out this part with all the ancillary I/O symbols, line types, piping connections and other various sundry items peripheral to the main theme. Along with that, we dissected tag abbreviations and how loop numbers uniquely identify devices. Part 3 covered the nitty-gritty aspects of instrumentation and control symbology.We also talked about some of their weaknesses. Part 2 described the various functions P&IDs serve and highlighted the kinds of information they convey, along with the support documents that are commonly associated with them.Part 1 talked about why the interpretation of P&IDs is important to everyone involved in the planning, design, and construction through operation of a process plant.Since this series is kind of long (hey, who snorted!?), let's get the requisite recap out of the way for those who missed the previous parts and need to circle back: ![]() That's the frame of mind you need to have for Part 4, ok? But before you take this as a cue to start shooting spitballs at your host, sit up straight because this part is vital to your understanding and development of clean, clear, odor-free P&IDs. Kind of like the last day of school where you know you still need to go and it might even be kind of fun, but you don't have to do any real work and the stuff you do take home will be memories not homework. That said, unlike Part 3 where we really covered a lot of detailed "nuts-and-bolts", this part will be a comparative piece of cake. So you are back for more in Part 4? After all we went through in Part 3, those still standing probably deserve a medal or something. With a Bit of Smoke, a Few Mirrors and a Degree in Hieroglyphics, Anyone Can Learn to Read a P&ID.
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